Effect of cobalt molybdate (CoMoO₄) particles on the growth kinetics of Lactococcus sp. in liquid culture

Lactococcus sp. is a major bacterial pathogen in aquaculture, responsible for significant economic losses worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of cobalt molybdate (CoMoO₄) particles on the growth dynamics of Lactococcus sp. under liquid culture conditions. Structural characterization of CoMoO₄ was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Molecular confirmation of the bacterial isolate was achieved through 16S rRNA gene amplification. Bacterial growth inhibition was monitored spectrophotometrically at 600 nm. The results demonstrated a concentration-dependent suppression of bacterial growth, highlighting the potential of CoMoO₄ as an alternative antimicrobial agent in aquaculture.