Guidance on navigating the research gap in medical literature and points of caution

Delineating a relevant research gap is an intricate and multifold process. Research gaps may arise from deficiencies in research design, execution, or reporting of published studies. Therefore, study conclusions and interpretations should not be taken for granted. They should rather be weighed against the particulars of research design and execution. Basing research proposal decisions solely on unverified study conclusions and interpretations could lead to the delineation of irrelevant research gaps, wasteful research efforts, and the propagation of inaccurate information. Accurate outlining of a relevant research gap requires competent academic critical appraisal skills. Envisioning research ideas that are relevant to clinical practice or public health requires a thorough and systematic reassessment of the existing literature for breaches of evidence and integrity. The objective of this report was to provide guidance on the essential skills required to elaborate a clear and scientifically valid research gap and a research hypothesis thereof. Furthermore, we aimed to highlight areas of concern or potential pitfalls that require attention.