Incidence of diplopia associated with pure orbital blowout fracture: A narrative review

Background: Diplopia is a common complication after pure orbital blowout fractures. Methods: Structured search (2012–2025) across PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar; inclusion: CT-confirmed pure blowout fractures with diplopia outcomes and ≥3-month follow-up. Results: Initial diplopia ranges 21–75% depending on fracture complexity and entrapment. Larger defects and muscle entrapment strongly predict diplopia (OR 19.8). Early surgery (<4.5–14 days) linked to better resolution. Long-term persistent diplopia is uncommon. Conclusion: Diplopia is often transient; early diagnosis, orthoptic assessment and timely intervention optimize outcomes.