A High-Efficiency Hybrid DC-DC Converter for Solar-Based Electric Vehicle Charging Systems

The increasing global demand for sustainable transportation and renewable energy integration has accelerated the development of electric vehicles (EVs) and solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies. Solar-powered EV charging systems offer a promising solution to reduce carbon emissions and decrease dependence on fossil fuels. However, efficient energy conversion between solar PV systems and EV batteries remains a major challenge. Conventional power converters often suffer from high switching losses, low efficiency, and poor voltage regulation under varying solar irradiation conditions. Therefore, the development of high-efficiency power conversion techniques is essential for improving the performance and reliability of solar-based EV charging infrastructure. This study proposes a high-efficiency hybrid DC-DC converter designed specifically for solar-powered EV charging applications. The proposed converter combines the advantages of different converter topologies to achieve improved voltage regulation, reduced switching losses, and enhanced energy conversion efficiency. The hybrid design integrates a boost converter stage with an isolated DC-DC converter to provide efficient power transfer between the solar PV array and the EV battery system. Advanced control techniques such as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and pulse width modulation (PWM) are implemented to optimize the performance of the converter under varying environmental conditions. The MPPT algorithm ensures that the solar PV system operates at its maximum power point, while the PWM control strategy regulates the output voltage supplied to the EV charging system. A simulation model of the proposed system is developed to analyze the performance of the hybrid DC-DC converter. Key performance indicators including conversion efficiency, voltage regulation, power loss, and system stability are evaluated under different operating conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid converter significantly improves energy conversion efficiency while maintaining stable output voltage for EV charging applications. The proposed converter architecture offers an efficient and reliable solution for solar-based EV charging stations and can contribute to the development of sustainable transportation infrastructure.