Historical insights into pediatric surgery: The first comprehensive textbook of Türkiye by Professor Akif Şakir Şakar

Objectives: This article focused on the historical development of pediatric surgery in Türkiye, emphasizing the contributions of Prof. Dr. Akif Şakir Şakar and his groundbreaking textbook Çocuk Cerrahisi ve Ortopedi Kliniği Dersleri (1936-1941). Materials and methods: A historical-archival methodology was employed, utilizing primary analysis of Şakar’s two-volume textbook. Content analysis was conducted to evaluate the pedagogical style, thematic coverage, and visual illustrations. Comparative references to contemporary and earlier international pediatric surgery texts were included. Results: Şakar’s textbook, featuring over 570 original illustrations and detailed case-based discussions, stands as the first comprehensive Turkish-language work on pediatric surgery. The book covers a broad spectrum of conditions, including testicular torsion, inguinal hernia, cleft lip, and congenital malformations. Its narrative style integrates clinical reasoning with educational clarity, aligning with modern pedagogical standards. Visual documentation enhances the textbook’s educational impact. Conclusion: Çocuk Cerrahisi ve Ortopedi Kliniği Dersleri is not only a milestone in Turkish medical history but also a pioneering contribution to global pediatric surgical education. It predates the formal recognition of pediatric surgery in Türkiye and deserves broader scholarly recognition for its visionary approach to child-specific surgical care.