Investigation of the Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Anti‐Enzyme Activities of <i>Hedlundia tamamschjanae</i> and <i>Hedlundia Roopiana</i> From Erzurum, Türkiye

Plant materials are currently being investigated as natural additives, antioxidant or potential therapeutic agents. In the present study, in vitro antioxidant and anti-enzyme activities, and phenolic and essential oil contents of extracts obtained from flowers, leaves, and fruits of Hedlundia roopiana and Hedlundia tamamschjanae were investigated. Phenolic contents were determined using HPLC-DAD (high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection) while essential oil contents were determined by SPME/GC-MS (solid phase micro extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The highest antioxidant activity was found in Hedlundia tamamschjanae leaf extracts for CUPRAC (copper ion reduction potential) and FRAP (ferric (Fe⁺³) reducing power) analysis. The lowest DPPH (1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical removal activity) activity was calculated for Hedlundia tamamschjanae inflorescences extract. The enzyme inhibitory activities of the extracts obtained from plants were assayed using hCA I-II (human carbonic anhydrase I-II), AChE (acetylcholinesterase) and BChE (butyrylcholinesterase) enzymes and the lowest enzyme concentrations were in Hedlundia tamamschjanae inflorescences extract for hCA I.