Spatiotemporal trends in the global burden of drug-induced chronic liver diseases in thirty years

Drug-induced chronic liver disease (DICLD) is concerned due to its threat to health, but there are few data about its global burden. We evaluated the trends in the burden of DICLD in 204 countries in thirty years via the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. Death rates and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates of DICLD from 1990 to 2019 were the main outcomes. The global DICLD burden and health development status were assessed by age, sex, year, location, and sociodemographic index (SDI) quintiles. Trends were estimated via a joinpoint regression model (JRM). The global death rates of DICLD declined from 2.59 per 100,000 population in 1990–2.50 per 100,000 population in 2019 (-3.60%), and DALY rates declined from 89.59 per 100,000 population in 1990–82.17 per 100,000 population in 2019 (-8.28%). In 2019, the most severe deaths and DALY losses caused by DICLD were mainly concentrated in Europe, Asia and Africa, with a wide distribution in Europe and the most significant in Eastern Europe. Males had higher death rates and DALY rates than those of females, although they were declining. Old patients, especially those aged > 75 years, had a greater risk of DICLD. The death rates and DALY rates were the highest in low-middle-SDI countries. This study revealed the global burden of DICLD on death rates and DALY rates, which were slightly decreased during the study period. More efforts are needed to better prevent and manage DICLD.