Prevalence and correlates of low-level viremia and viral load non-suppression among adults on HIV treatment: Results from the Tanzania HIV Impact Survey, 2022–2023

In this nationally representative analysis of PLHIV in Tanzania, most people had undetectable viral load, while LLV was common and VL non-suppression was less frequent. Absence of ARV drugs detected in blood was associated with both LLV and VL non-suppression, underscoring the importance of recent ART exposure. These findings suggested that LLV warranted programmatic attention alongside VL non-suppression to support sustained viral suppression.

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Journal
PLoS ONE
Published
2026-03-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0344439
Primary Topic
HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Type
article
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article

Prevalence and correlates of low-level viremia and viral load non-suppression among adults on HIV treatment: Results from the Tanzania HIV Impact Survey, 2022–2023

Mary Mayige, Alexander Kailembo, Emilian Karugendo, Mahesh Swaminathan et al.
PLoS ONE
HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
article

Prevalence and correlates of low-level viremia and viral load non-suppression among adults on HIV treatment: Results from the Tanzania HIV Impact Survey, 2022–2023

Mary Mayige, Alexander Kailembo, Emilian Karugendo, Mahesh Swaminathan, Samwel Sumba, Optatus Malewo, Faki Haji Faki, Divya Patel, Nyambura Moremi, Tepa Nkumbula, Geofrey Mchau, Jerome Kamwela, Ame Masemo, Rebecca L. Laws, Ahmed Khatib, Fahima Mohammed Issa, Baraka Revocatus, Prosper Njau, Alice Wang, Wafaa El-Sadr, Haruka Maruyama, Eliezer Anthony Taluka, George S. Mgomella, Sarah Porter, Abbas Ismail
article en

Abstract

In this nationally representative analysis of PLHIV in Tanzania, most people had undetectable viral load, while LLV was common and VL non-suppression was less frequent. Absence of ARV drugs detected in blood was associated with both LLV and VL non-suppression, underscoring the importance of recent ART exposure. These findings suggested that LLV warranted programmatic attention alongside VL non-suppression to support sustained viral suppression.

PLoS ONEVol. 21(3)
University of Dar es Salaam (TZ), Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology (TZ), Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TZ), Zanzibar University (TZ), Zanzibar School of Health (TZ), Office of the Chief Scientist (IL), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (UG), Tanzania National Parks (TZ), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KE), Bugando Medical Centre (TZ), National Institute for Medical Research (TZ), ICAP Global Health, Columbia University (US)
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 9%
HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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