Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced diarrhea with the use of Probiotics Among Patients diagnosed with Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Abstract Introduction: Chemotherapy is a common treatment for colorectal cancer, but it often leads to adverse effects, including chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID), which can significantly impact patients’ quality of life and treatment adherence. Probiotics have emerged as a potential intervention to mitigate gastrointestinal side effects during chemotherapy. This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of the prevention of chemotherapy induced diarrhea by giving supplemental probiotics in colorectal cancer patients. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials was conducted with colorectal cancer patients receiving any form of systemic chemotherapy and are taking supplemental probiotics. The effect of probiotics on the severity of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea was determined. Results: The study overall showed a significant difference in those who are undergoing probiotic supplementation as compared to a placebo group in terms of manifestation of diarrhea, which is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy. However, in terms of clinically severe diarrhea (grade 3-4 based on CTCAE), there was no significant difference in the placebo and experimental group. Discussion: The use of probiotics shows promise as a preventive strategy for chemotherapy-induced diarrhea in patients with colorectal cancer. These findings support the incorporation of probiotics into the supportive care regimen for these patients, potentially enhancing treatment tolerance and quality of life. Further research is warranted to explore the specific strains and dosing regimens that may offer the most benefit.