Exploring end-user acceptance of half-mask powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs)

To protect workers from airborne contaminants, respiratory protection is essential across various occupational settings. In recent years, half-mask powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) have been introduced in the Australian quarrying industry, reflecting advancements in personal protective equipment technology. To support effective uptake and use, it is critical to understand end-user experiences. This study applied the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology framework to explore key barriers and facilitators of half-mask PAPR use and generate recommendations for improving design and implementation. A qualitative approach was employed across two quarry sites where half-mask PAPRs were in use. Participants (n = 23), including workers, managers, and supervisors, took part in interviews and focus groups. Findings indicate that user experiences aligned closely with all four constructs of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology framework (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions). Barriers included communication difficulties, physical discomfort, and inconsistent workplace implementation. Facilitators included perceived safety benefits, ease of use, and supervisory support. These insights offer practical guidance for supporting half-mask PAPR implementation in similar organisational contexts. Findings highlight the importance of system-level implementation strategies, such as consistent policy enforcement and supervisor-led support, to support uptake and the integration of half-mask PAPR devices in high-risk work environments.