Promise and Pitfalls of AI Chatbots in Complex Decision-Making for Thyroid Nodules and Papillary Thyroid Cancer
AI chatbots show evolving but inconsistent performance in complex thyroid management scenarios. While guideline concordance can be relatively high, substantial variability across models, limited temporal reproducibility, and poor alignment with clinical practice highlight the need for ongoing longitudinal evaluation before safe integration into clinical decision-making.
Authors
- Olga Karapanou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9978-5885)
- Marina Michalaki
- Katerina Saltiki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-0653)
- Grigoris Effraimidis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-8391)
- Athanasios Kasotas
- Eleni Sazakli
- Sofia Varsami
Institutions
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- University of Thessaly (GR)
- University of Patras (GR)
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- NIMTS Hospital (GR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Thyroid Journal
- Published
- 2026-03-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1530/etj-25-0385
- Primary Topic
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00