Evaluation of toxicity and biocompatibility of chitosan-bioglass composite for dental remineralization in a rat model

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo toxicity and biocompatibility of a chitosan-bioglass composite for potential application in dental remineralization. Methods: An experimental animal study was conducted using Sprague Dawley rats following OECD toxicity guidelines. Histopathological examination of major organs, biochemical blood analysis, and behavioral observations were performed to assess safety outcomes. Results: The chitosan-bioglass composite demonstrated appropriate physicochemical properties, promoted hydroxyapatite formation, and showed no significant histological, biochemical, or behavioral abnormalities. Conclusions: The biomaterial exhibited favorable biocompatibility and safety, supporting its translational potential for dental remineralization applications.