VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN UKRAINE: FROM EPIDEMIOLOGY TO CORRECTION STRATEGIES - PUBLIC HEALTH AND NUTRITION ASPECTS

<ns0:p>Researching the epidemiological situation regarding vitamin D status in Ukraine is critical for developing public health strategies amid prolonged socio-economic stress and war. Updating data on the prevalence of hypovitaminosis enables adaptation of prevention protocols to the contemporary needs of the population. To evaluate the dynamics of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels among the population of Ukraine during the period of 2016-2025, identify key risk factors, and justify multidisciplinary correction measures. A retrospective analysis of blood serum laboratory test results across various age groups was performed. Methods of systematic review of epidemiological data and statistical analysis of median values were applied, considering seasonal, regional, and anthropometric factors. Vitamin D deficiency was identified in 19 to 26 percent of the adult population, and insufficiency in 27 to 37 percent. The median sufficiency level increased from 23.8 nanograms per milliliter in 2016 to 34.7 nanograms per milliliter in 2022; however, a downward trend in these indicators has been observed in the last three years (2023-2025). A pronounced seasonal amplitude was identified: from 25.3 nanograms per milliliter in March to 36.5 nanograms per milliliter in September. The lowest levels are characteristic of residents of northern regions, elderly individuals, and patients with excess body weight. It was specifically shown that, for veterans with amputations, adequate vitamin D status is a fundamental factor for successful rehabilitation, as it directly affects neuromuscular coordination and the preservation of bone mass in the residual limb. The persistent level of hypovitaminosis in Ukraine is caused by the absence of a state food fortification program. The necessity of implementing mandatory supplementation protocols for risk groups and veterans during the recovery period is justified.Received 01.11.2025Accepted 01.02.2026</ns0:p>