Забезпечення кібербезпеки як складової національної безпеки: сучасні виклики та механізми протидії загрозам

Cybersecurity is an integral part of national security, especially in the context of rapid digitalization and the growth of cyber threats. Currently, Ukraine faces numerous challenges, in particular, cyber attacks on information systems and personal data of citizens. Such attacks have negative consequences, leading to political destabilization, economic losses, as well as violations of the rights of individuals. In the context of globalization and the integration of digital technologies into all aspects of public life, the issue of cybersecurity is becoming even more relevant, as the state is increasingly faced with cyber threats, which has consequences for national security. The relevance of studying this problem is due to the need to develop effective mechanisms for countering cyber threats, improve the legal framework, strengthen international cooperation, introduce modern cyber protection technologies, and increase the level of digital awareness of the population. In this context, the analysis of theoretical approaches to defining cybersecurity, as well as the study of the legal definition of this category in national legal systems, is particularly important. The article examines the main theoretical approaches to defining cybersecurity, which reflect the diversity of views of domestic scientists on this problem. In particular, it emphasizes the importance of defining clear mechanisms for legal regulation of cybersecurity, which allow for a prompt response to new cyber threats and ensure the stability of state registries. One of the important results of the study is the author’s definition of the category «right to cybersecurity «. The article also examines the challenges that Ukraine faced in the context of Russian aggression, in particular in the context of attacks on state registries. Cyberattacks that were directed at critical information systems of the state were aimed at destabilizing government bodies and disrupting access to important registries and databases, which creates risks for national security. The article pays special attention to the need to protect the information of particularly vulnerable categories of persons, in particular, military personnel, veterans, prisoners of war, and internally displaced persons.