Asymptote Fault Tolerance (AFT): Universally Breaking the Lower Bound with Relay-Free Deterministic 99% Byzantine Fault Tolerance

Asymptote Fault Tolerance (AFT): Universally Breaking the Lower Bound with Relay-Free Deterministic 99% Byzantine Fault Tolerance is the canonical yellow paper for the AFT protocol family. It presents a self-contained specification of a relay-free, coordinator-free, pure-software consensus and settlement architecture that combines proof-carrying canonical ordering, deterministic sealed-effect collapse, public recoverability, and restart continuity. The paper states the repository’s central claim: AFT delivers deterministic 99% Byzantine Tolerance, explicitly claims that the whole AFT stack universally breaks the lower bound with no qualifiers, and promotes that result to unconditional classical 99% Byzantine agreement in the ordinary dense-vote permissioned model. It also serves as the normative bridge between the implementation and the accompanying formal proof artifacts.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-03-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19224210
Primary Topic
Distributed systems and fault tolerance
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Asymptote Fault Tolerance (AFT): Universally Breaking the Lower Bound with Relay-Free Deterministic 99% Byzantine Fault Tolerance

Heath Ledger, IOI Foundation
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Distributed systems and fault tolerance
article

Asymptote Fault Tolerance (AFT): Universally Breaking the Lower Bound with Relay-Free Deterministic 99% Byzantine Fault Tolerance

Heath Ledger, IOI Foundation
article en

Abstract

Asymptote Fault Tolerance (AFT): Universally Breaking the Lower Bound with Relay-Free Deterministic 99% Byzantine Fault Tolerance is the canonical yellow paper for the AFT protocol family. It presents a self-contained specification of a relay-free, coordinator-free, pure-software consensus and settlement architecture that combines proof-carrying canonical ordering, deterministic sealed-effect collapse, public recoverability, and restart continuity. The paper states the repository’s central claim: AFT delivers deterministic 99% Byzantine Tolerance, explicitly claims that the whole AFT stack universally breaks the lower bound with no qualifiers, and promotes that result to unconditional classical 99% Byzantine agreement in the ordinary dense-vote permissioned model. It also serves as the normative bridge between the implementation and the accompanying formal proof artifacts.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
ISI Foundation (US)
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Openalex Percentile: Top 8%
Distributed systems and fault tolerance
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