The impact of the waters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers on economic and political relations between Iraq and Turkey for the period 2004-2023

The issue of the waters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is one of the important topics that has received the attention of the two neighboring countries, Iraq and Turkey, because of their impact on the lives of citizens and their food security, especially for Iraq, which obtains its water from the source in Turkey. The research aims to show the extent of the impact of the waters of the two aforementioned rivers on economic and political relations. between the two neighboring countries, especially with regard to trade exchange, which has witnessed remarkable development, After the volume of trade exchange was (1,965.5) million dollars in 2004, it reached (14.3) billion dollars in 2023, and this proves with conclusive evidence that when conditions are stable and proceeding in the correct manner, it reflects positively on the political and security situation. The research has found a number Among the most notable conclusions:Türkiye's construction of dams and projects to store water at the headwaters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers has had a negative impact on agricultural lands in Iraq due to the lack of water coming from the source. The researchers recommend: Iraq should resort to reciprocity and stop pumping oil to Turkey through the Turkish port of Ceyhan, in the event that Turkey does not fulfill Iraq’s rights to the waters of the two rivers.