Treatment-related modulation of visuo-vestibular integration in post-earthquake dizziness syndrome: a longitudinal virtual reality–based study

Recovery in PEDS appears to involve selective modulation of context-dependent visuo-vestibular processing rather than uniform changes across all spatial orientation measures. Integrated VR + CBT yields the most coherent and durable benefits in visually demanding domains, supporting multidisciplinary models that jointly address sensory conflict and cognitive-emotional mechanisms after major earthquakes.