Cognitive Effects of Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression

Current evidence, albeit limited, suggests that esketamine appears to be cognitively safe in adults with treatment-resistant depression and may confer selective improvements, particularly in attention and processing speed, with more variable benefits in memory and executive functioning over sustained treatment. These effects may support functional recovery and complement esketamine's antidepressant action. Further research using harmonized cognitive batteries, larger samples, and longer follow-up periods is needed to better characterize cognitive trajectories and their relevance for personalized treatment strategies.