Multi-output LSTM-based prediction of postoperative delirium: integrating baseline and perioperative data for enhanced risk stratification in older spine surgery patients

The proposed multi-output LSTM model predicted multiple clinical dimensions of postoperative delirium, highlighting baseline health status as a primary determinant. Strategic integration of comprehensive baseline assessments with acute perioperative data substantially enhances predictive accuracy, informing personalized delirium prevention and management strategies for improved perioperative outcomes in older spine surgery patients.