Synergistic Effect of Graphene‐Doped <scp>ZnO</scp> and Maleic Anhydride Grafting on Polypropylene Nanocomposites: Structure–Property Relationships

ABSTRACT A dual strategy combining maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene (PP‐g‐MAH) and graphene‐doped ZnO (G‐nZnO) was developed to enhance polypropylene (PP) for active packaging. MPP/G‐nZnO nanocomposite films were prepared by melt blending and compression molding. At 0.2–0.3 wt% G‐nZnO, the films achieved optimal performance, with tensile strength and elongation improved by ~24%, maximum decomposition temperature ( T max ) reaching 459.8°C, and oxygen and water vapor permeabilities reduced by 20.4% and 33.3%, respectively. XPS and FTIR analyses support the presence of interfacial interactions, consistent with COO − Zn 2+ coordination at the MPP/G‐nZnO interface, forming a chemically anchored, tortuous interphase that enhances stress transfer and barrier compactness. The films exhibited &gt; 99.8% antibacterial efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli , and effectively extended pork shelf life under refrigeration (~7.4 log CFU/g at day 4). Higher filler contents (≥ 0.4 wt%) led to aggregation and property decline. This work demonstrates an efficient and scalable interfacial design strategy for improving mechanical, thermal, and functional performance of PP via interfacial coordination and multifunctional reinforcement, offering a practical route toward sustainable, high‐performance packaging materials.