Functional‐Coupling Biohybrid Microrobots for Autonomous Cross‐Domain Task Flow

ABSTRACT Serving one machine for multiple purposes is an important development direction in the field of micro/nanorobotics. However, there is currently no precedent for the continuous and efficient execution of multiple tasks, and the continuous execution of multiple tasks across fields is an even greater challenge. This work successfully designed and developed a biohybrid magnetically driven microrobot ( Ch /Fe 3 O 4 /GO) with Chlorella ( Ch ) as the main body and coated with magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and a graphene oxide (GO) film on the surface, which realized the efficient execution of cross‐domain task flow for the first time. The developed microrobot can not only be driven efficiently under the magnetic field and have excellent directional control ability, but also trigger the state of executing the next task after completing the previous task, thereby realizing the continuous execution of different tasks across domains via the functional‐coupling strategy (cross‐domain task flow). This microrobot can first be applied to the field of environmental remediation (Task 1: sewage purification) to efficiently remove organic pollutants such as methyl blue in sewage, and then continue to be applied to the biomedical field (Task 2: cancer cell killing) without any additional physical or chemical treatment, and can kill cancer cells efficiently and in a targeted manner. This new biohybrid microrobot with the ability to execute cross‐domain task flow provides a new idea for further improving the work efficiency of micro/nanorobots and the future development of efficient cross‐domain multifunctional integrated micro/nanorobots.