Modelling And Performance Analysis Of A Static Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging Pad Under Multiple Coil Misalignment

Static WPT are receiving enormous attention as a future-forward charging solution to enable contactless, automated, and less maintenance powering for EVs. However, the power delivering efficiency and charging stability of inductive coupled static WPT systems strongly deteriorate under spatial misalignment between primary and secondary coils, which is inevitable in real-world parking scenarios. This paper represents the modelling, simulation, and performance evaluation of a inductive coupled static wireless EV charging pad under multiple coil misalignment conditions. A MATLAB/Simulink based high-frequency inverter along with L-C compensation network is developed to emulate realistic EV charging behavior, and the effect of lateral displacement on magnetic coupling, power flow, and State-of-Charge (SoC) trajectory is analyzed. Misalignment scenarios of 0%, 20%, and 40% are emulated by varying the coupling coefficient (k) from unity to reduced values, and the corresponding impact on induced voltage, input/output power, and energy efficiency is investigated. Results depict progressive efficiency degradationfrom ~92% at perfect alignment to ~65% under severe displacement, and it is accompanied by remarkable reduction in charging current and dynamic voltage ripple. This study confirms the sensitivity of WPT systems to coil offset and brings into perspective the necessity for adaptive compensation, real- time control, and misalignment tolerant coil topology. The findings serve as a design benchmark and provide valuable insights for integrating intelligent tuning algorithms and optimization frameworks to ensure reliable, high-efficiency wireless charging in future EV infrastructures and smart transportation ecosystems.