Educational frameworks for zoonotic malaria prevention: a narrative review integrating behavioural theory, participatory design, and instructional models for Plasmodium knowlesi in Southeast Asia

Education should be treated as a core public health technology for zoonotic malaria-designed intentionally from theory through participatory co-production and pedagogical structure, and embedded within One Health and climate-change frameworks. We propose "zoonotic literacy" -linking ecological awareness, behavioural adaptation, and community empowerment-that may support sustainable prevention of P. knowlesi malaria in Southeast Asia and similar settings.