A new compound with biological activities purified from <i>Fusarium acuminatum</i>

Microbial secondary metabolites represent a cornerstone of modern drug discovery due to their remarkable structural diversity and unparalleled spectrum of bioactivities. A novel compound, (<i>Z</i>)-5-hydroxy-3-methylpent-2-enamide (compound <b>1</b>), was isolated from the secondary metabolites of <i>Fusarium acuminatum</i> Ellis & Everh, and its structure was elucidated through various spectroscopic analyses. Preliminary pharmacological evaluation revealed that compound <b>1</b> exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity and potent α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. Notably, its inhibitory efficacy against the Gram-negative strains <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i> surpassed that of the reference drug ampicillin sodium, with MIC values of 64 μg/mL and 16 μg/mL, respectively, demonstrating promising potential for antibacterial drug development. As a valuable microbial-derived resource, compound <b>1</b> provides important experimental foundations for the development of novel antibacterial agents and α-glucosidase inhibitors.