ER tethering and active transport govern condensate diffusion during hyperosmotic stress

Our findings challenge the view that the cytosol becomes static and constrained during hyperosmotic compression. Instead, it remains dynamic, while condensates are spatially organized through docking to membrane structures with intermittent episodes of long-range transport. This model reshapes our understanding of the physical environment within stressed cells and provides a framework for how condensates achieve spatiotemporal organization through interactions with cellular structures and active processes.