Bridging Construction and Manufacturing: Digital Product Passports for Circular Timber Waste Remanufacturing

This paper investigates the role of Digital Product Passports (DPPs) in enabling circular economy practices in the construction sector, with a specific focus on the transformation of timber waste into remanufactured materials for use in the manufacturing industry. By enhancing automation, data transparency, and lifecycle traceability, DPPs serve as critical enablers for optimizing resource recovery, supporting Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and reducing inefficiencies in construction waste management. Using timber waste as a case study, this research presents a comparative analysis of traditional and DPP-enhanced processes, evaluated through key performance indicators such as material recovery rates, carbon footprint, and energy consumption. The study demonstrates how recovered timber, tracked and qualified through DPP systems, can be remanufactured into high-performance construction materials, effectively linking the construction and manufacturing sectors in a closed-loop system. Data is collected through DPP-enabled monitoring, industry sources, and stakeholder feedback, and environmental impacts are quantified using LCA tools. The findings highlight the environmental and operational benefits of DPP adoption, while also identifying challenges related to digital standardization and implementation. This work contributes a replicable framework for integrating DPPs in construction workflows and supports broader industrial efforts toward sustainable, data-driven circularity.