The impact of cardiometabolic multimorbidity on cognitive function in older adults: a review

Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) represents the most prevalent and most detrimental chronic disease comorbidity pattern for cognitive impairment, directly accelerating cognitive dysfunction and dementia progression. However, existing research predominantly investigates cognitive function in patients with single diseases or specific binary comorbidities, leaving significant gaps in understanding the cognitive domain among older adults with CMM. This review focuses on the impact of CMM on cognitive function in the older adults synthesizing perspectives on their correlation, underlying mechanisms, assessment tools, and risk factors. It aims to provide insights for screening high-risk populations and formulating management strategies to delay the risk of cognitive dysfunction.