Lipid Profile in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

This study aimed to compare fasting lipid profiles in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls.This systematic review and meta-analysis followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024600840).A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SpringerLink, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar.Eligible studies were observational and included children and adolescents aged 5-19 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Search terms combined "Lipid profile", "Dyslipidemia", "Cholesterol", "HDL", "LDL", "Triglycerides", "Child", "Adolescent", "Pediatric", "Young people", "Type 1 Diabetes", and "Insulin Dependent Diabetes".Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and data were synthesized using RevMan 5.4.Eleven studies were included with a total of 1,529 participants.Compared with the controls, children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus showed higher total cholesterol [mean difference (MD)=14.3mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI): 8.4-20.4],low-density lipoproteincholesterol (MD=11.0mg/dL; 95% CI: 7.0-14.8),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD=2.66mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.1-5.2).Triglycerides were slightly increased but not significantly (MD=8.6 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.4-21.3).This meta-analysis reveals lipid alterations in pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus.Routine lipid screening and timely interventions are warranted in order to guide preventive care for cardiovascular disease risk.