Optimization Model of an Integrated Energy System Operation Considering the Utilization of Hydrogen Energy and the Coupling of Carbon-Green Certificates Trading

The energy system is transforming in clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient directions. As a key carrier of energy consumption, the operation optimization of the integrated energy system (IES) in industrial parks has become an important lever for facilitating energy transformation. This paper focuses on the modeling of the operation optimization of the IES, pays attention to the impact of electricity–carbon–green certificate coordination, and studies the operation optimization of the IES considering hydrogen energy utilization. Firstly, the topological structure of IES is analyzed, and a model of the integrated energy system in industrial parks covering multiple energy links, such as electricity, heat, and gas, is constructed. Hydrogen energy conversion units such as electrolyzers, fuel cells, and methane reactors are introduced. Secondly, the impact of electricity, carbon, and green certificate markets on the operation of IES is analyzed, and a green certificate-carbon trading integration mechanism is designed, along with the establishment of a corresponding market trading model. Then, with the system’s energy purchase and sale costs, electricity curtailment costs, carbon market transaction costs, green certificate transaction revenues, and equipment operation and maintenance costs as the core, an IES daily optimization scheduling model is constructed to minimize the overall cost. Finally, the feasibility of the model constructed in this paper is verified through a case study in the industrial park in the north of Dezhou, Shandong Province, and the result shows that the cost of IES is 15,013.7 yuan under the optimal operation schedule. The utilization rate of new power energy reaches 89.6%, and the 2.135 green certificates are converted into the carbon market. Meanwhile, comparative analysis across multiple scenarios and sensitivity analysis of single factors are conducted to discuss the necessity and effectiveness of the factors considered in this paper, providing a decision-making basis and inspiration for managers to carry out IES operation scheduling.