Dynamical Artifacts in Knitted Resistive Strain Sensors: Effects of Conductive Yarns, Knitting Structures, and Loading Rates

This study investigates the dynamic artifacts (DAs) in knitted resistive strain sensors (KRSS) subjected to various deformation types, including stair-wise, trapezoidal, and triangle-type deformations. The presence of DAs, characterized by sharp peak-wise increases in resistance followed by a gradual decline, was observed across all KRSS samples. The amplitude of DA peaks increased with higher deformation velocities within the investigated range of 2.6-40 cm/s. The study also identified the temporal offset between resistance and deformation during linear deformation, suggesting a complex mechanism underlying DAs. The results demonstrate that DAs are most prominent in stepwise and trapezoidal deformations, while continuous deformations like triangle-type loading partially mask these artifacts. The resistance signals were recorded at a sampling rate of 150 Hz, with temporal desynchronization between recorded parameters not exceeding 6.7 ms, enabling the observation of dynamic effects. Manifestation of DAs in KRSS degrades the metrological characteristics of KRSS and cannot be ignored. This paper provides insights into the relationship between KRSS structure, deformation velocity, and DA behavior, and provides an experimental basis for future compensation approaches to mitigate the impact of DAs on measurement accuracy.