The anti-infective potential of human milk oligosaccharides in carbohydrate powder in implant-associated infection with Staphylococcus aureus

Media supplemented with HMOS-C significantly reduced S. aureus ED CC 5055 biofilm formation in vitro in the crystal violet microtiter plate assay. Bacterial invasion on titanium could not be demonstrably changed, but S. aureus growth curve was significantly reduced. Further studies with optimized implant models and standardized HMO formulations are warranted to clarify the translational potential of HMO-C for the prevention of implant-associated infections.