Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Dysfunction to Therapeutic Strategies

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a specific form of heart dysfunction that occurs in diabetic patients independent of other cardiomyopathies such as coronary artery disease. It significantly contributes to heart failure and mortality in this population. The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy mainly includes oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis and disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis. Mitochondrial homeostasis, encompassing mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and mitophagy, is regulated by a variety of signaling pathways and plays a pivotal role in maintaining the normal function of cardiomyocytes. At present, the exact mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy pathogenesis remain unclear, and effective prevention and treatment methods are lacking. This review therefore expounds the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy from the perspective of mitochondrial homeostasis, providing new approaches to clinical management.