Contribution of the PUSH model to the logistical and economic performance of the health commodity supply chain in the Couffo department, Benin

Background The supply chain plays a central role in ensuring continuity and quality of healthcare services. In response to recent supply chain failures, Benin has initiated a shift in its health commodity logistics model, moving from a fragmented PULL system to an integrated PUSH approach. This study was conducted to assess the contribution of the new model to supply chain performance. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study with evaluative and analytical components was carried out among 176 participants from two health zones in the Couffo Department, including health facilities, district warehouses, logistics professionals, and patients. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document review. Data were analysed using the Varkevisser scoring scale, statistical tests, and odds ratio estimation at a 5% significance level. Results Overall performance was higher under the PUSH model, particularly in the Klouékanmè-Toviklin-Lalo (KTL) health zone compared with the Aplahoué-Djakotomey-Dogbo (ADD) health zone (86.13% vs 71.00%; p=0.000001). Significant improvements were observed in product availability (odds ratio, OR=2.00; p=0.002), reduction in stock-outs (OR=0.21; p=0.001), shorter delivery lead times (β=−12.65; p=0.001), lower logistics costs (OR=8.56; p=0.008), and higher stakeholder satisfaction (OR=4.40; p=0.044). Some indicators (patient satisfaction and reduction in spoilage) were not statistically significant. Conclusions Improved logistical and economic performance of the supply chain is associated with the implementation of the PUSH model. Its scale-up, supported by a longitudinal study examining the determinants of its sustainability, represents a relevant strategic perspective for health procurement policies.