Efficient speed and voltage regulation of BLDC motor drive for EV applications using a multi-device interleaved DC–DC bidirectional converter with TIFDNFD–SFOA controller

Electric vehicles (EVs) are emerging as a key solution for sustainable transportation, where efficient motor drives and power electronic interfaces play a crucial role in ensuring reliable performance. In modern EV systems, simultaneous regulation of motor speed and DC-link voltage is essential for stable inverter operation and improved drive efficiency; however, many existing studies primarily focus on speed control while giving limited attention to coordinated voltage regulation. To address this challenge, this research proposes the design, simulation, and analysis of a Multi-Device Interleaved DC–DC Bidirectional Converter (MDIBC) integrated with a Tilted Integral Fractional Derivative with Filter plus Fractional Derivative (TIFDNFD) controller for enhanced voltage and speed regulation of Brushless DC (BLDC) motor drives. The proposed MDIBC employs phase-shifted PWM excitation to minimize ripple current, enhance current sharing among interleaved inductors, and maintain a stable DC link voltage under varying load conditions. To achieve superior dynamic response and robust voltage and speed regulation, the TIFDNFD controller parameters are optimized using the Superb Fairy-wren Optimization Algorithm (SFOA), which improves convergence speed and tuning accuracy. Simulation results obtained in the MATLAB/Simulink environment demonstrate superior performance over conventional controllers, achieving minimal peak time of 0.0484 s, settling time of 0.12 s and minimum overshoot of 3.3%. The proposed system proves highly suitable for advanced EV and industrial drive applications.