Fibrin-assisted nanocarrier systems: innovations and challenges in targeted carcinoma drug delivery

Abstract Background Fibrin nanoparticles, being non-immunogenic, non-toxic, and biodegradable, can serve as a suitable drug-delivery system for selectively targeting tumors. Main body of the abstract In this review, we summarize the current state of the literature on fibrin-based nanoplatforms, emphasizingtheir preparation and conjugation strategies, as well as their applications in tumor therapy. A comprehensive search was performed in the available databases, including PubMed, Semantic Scholar, and Web of Science. Our main findings are that the self-assembled fibrin nanoplatform enables programmable chemotherapeutic release kinetics, with increased bioavailability and enhanced passive and active tumor targeting. This reduces systemic toxicity owing to the biocompatibility of fibrin polymers designed for clinical use. Furthermore, experimental data highlight the successful implementation of fibrin nanoplatforms combined with chemotherapeutics and immunotherapeutics to improve therapeutic efficacy. The review also explains the difficulties of scalability and the need for a comprehensive clinical dataset. Conclusion This review highlights fibrin biopolymer nanoplatforms as versatile modules for carcinoma therapy, potentially stimulating further research and clinical advancement. Fibrin biopolymer nanoplatforms have numerous applications in pharmaceutical and clinical theranostics as drug-delivery systems for various carcinomas.