Stress and Sleep Disturbances amongst Shift Workers with and without Functional Bowel Disorders: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Introduction: Functional bowel disorders (FBDs) amongst shift workers are more often associated with increased stress levels and disrupted sleep. Disturbance of circadian rhythm amongst shift workers may exacerbate the symptoms, but objective contrasts amongst patients with and without FBD are scarce. Abnormal function of the gut–brain axis, elevated visceral sensitivity and disturbances in gut microbiota are also implicated in FBD pathophysiology. Understanding these mechanisms is important for the design of effective, targeted management plans for the affected individuals. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 114 shift workers at a tertiary care facility. Two groups were formed based on the participants: shift workers with FBDs ( n = 57) and shift workers without FBDs ( n = 57). Stress was measured by the Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) and sleep quality by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Statistical differences between the groups were compared. Results: Shift workers with FBDs reported significantly higher stress levels (PSS-14 mean score: 37.26 ± 7.28) compared to those without FBDs (25.54 ± 4.94, P < 0.001). Similarly, sleep quality was poorer amongst those with FBDs (PSQI mean score: 8.54 ± 4.64) compared to those without (3.51 ± 1.64, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Shift workers with FBDs reported significantly more stress and worse quality of sleep compared to their FBD-free counterparts. Interventions specifically targeting stress management and sleep hygiene can potentially be used to enhance outcomes in this at-risk group.