Phytochemical characterization and antibacterial potential of Spirulina platensis

Background: Algae are among the most diverse types of organisms on the planet. They have many advantages for humans. The most significant one is blue-green algae, which contain bioactive compounds, such as those found in Spirulina platensis. Methodology: The present study examines the antibacterial properties and phytochemical composition of Spirulina platensis, isolated from different freshwater bodies in the Chitradurga district, Karnataka, India. Results & Discussions: The anti-bacterial activity of the selected bacterial strains was investigated, and some appropriate results were found, which are discussed in the following sections. The methanolic extraction has revealed the maximum activity and the highest inhibition zones against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, followed by the acetone and the hexane extracts. The GC-MS profile examined has shown a range of bioactive compounds, viz., hexadecenoic acid, methyl esters, n-hexadecenoic acid, and glycerine. The occurrence of these compounds represents glycerine, ester compounds & lipid-derived metabolites, and the aromatic metabolites produced have the potential to exhibit antibacterial activity by S. platensis. It has the highest potential in the pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and biotechnologies. Conclusions: The presence of these substances suggests that glycerine, esters, and aromatic compounds act in concert to produce potentially broad antibacterial activity by S. platensis. It can be inferred that the methanolic extract has shown high bioactivity.