Biological sex, but not obesity, independently predicts anatomical injury patterns in trauma bay patients: a multivariate retrospective analysis of 2,128 patients

Biological sex and kinetic energy are the primary determinants for severe overall and regional trauma. Conversely, obesity does not independently affect initial anatomical injury severity. The lack of independent impact from obesity suggests that sexual dimorphism in biomechanics, skeletal geometry, and tissue resilience - rather than absolute obesity - underlies the increased vulnerability of males in acute trauma.