Echocardiographic Assessment for Mixed and Multivalvular Heart Disease

Mixed valvular heart disease (MVD) and multivalvular heart disease are related but different entities.MVD is defined as the presence of stenosis and regurgitation simultaneously while multivalvular heart disease involves presence of either stenosis or regurgitation or both of more than one valve.Both may coexist together and are common among cardiac surgical patients.Various factors affect the overall hemodynamic effect produced by each lesion as it often blunts or exaggerates the clinical expression of each singular lesion and makes the diagnosis challenging.However complicated it may be, a few concepts that can be applied in the context of multivalvular diseases are described in this review article.