Beefing Up Awareness: Navigating Alpha-Gal Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an acquired allergy caused by an immunoglobulin E-mediated reaction to alpha-gal, or galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose, a sugar molecule found in mammalian meat. Clinicians can increase awareness of AGS because many medications, including oncologic treatments, contain animal products. OBJECTIVES: This article provides foundational knowledge on AGS, emerging treatment options, and the impact of this allergy on oncologic treatment. METHODS: Current evidence on the incidence, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of AGS in oncology care is summarized, with a focus on nursing implications. FINDINGS: AGS is a growing concern for oncology providers. Education for patients and staff allows for effective management of patients with AGS. Patients need to avoid mammalian meat and most dairy products, as well as products and medications that contain alpha-gal or mammalian protein-derived additives, and report any allergy symptoms.