Human brucellosis in pregnancy in western Uganda: High seroprevalence and health risk factors identified in a cross-sectional study

One in seven pregnant women in this mixed livestock-human ecosystem showed evidence of brucellosis, far above the WHO elimination threshold. Integrating RBPT-based screening into routine antenatal care, promoting milk pasteurization and safe meat preparation, improving manure handling and strengthening herd vaccination through One-Health collaboration could reduce maternal infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes in similar smallholder settings.