Review of Marbug Hemorrhagic Fever Disease

AbstractMarburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF) is a serious and often fatal viral disease caused by the Marburg virus, which belongs to theFiloviridae family. Since it first emerged in 1967, MHF has been linked to high mortality rates, and recent outbreaks haveunderscored the critical need for a thorough understanding and effective response strategies. This updated review consolidates current knowledge about MHF, emphasizing its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and recent advancements in treatment and prevention. Recent epidemiological data show that MHF outbreaks are mainly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, where fruit bats serve as the primary reservoir for Zoonotic transmission. The clinical presentation of MHF typically begins with a sudden onset of fever, severe headache, and gastrointestinal bleeding, which can result in multi-organ failure. Understanding the disease's underlying path physiological mechanisms is essential for developing effective therapeutic interventions. Although there are no specific antiviral treatments approved for MHF, supportive care is the foundation of management. Recent research has investigated potential therapeutic options, such as monoclonal antibodies and antiviral agents, which have shown promise in both preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, vaccine development is advancing, with several candidates now entering clinical trials. This review highlights the critical need for continuous surveillance, research, and public health preparedness to reduce the impact of Marburg hemorrhagic fever. Strengthening international collaboration and investing in healthcare infrastructure are vital for effectively responding to future outbreaks and safeguarding global health.