Herbal Nanosuspension: An Innovative Approach to EnhancePharmacological Activity and Oral Bioavailability of Plant Extracts

Introduction: The nanosuspension (NSN) approach offers a rapid, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly technique with a wide range of applications in pharmaceutical formulations. The current paper critically describes several applications of NSN formulations, including enhanced pharmacological activities as well as oral bioavailability of several herbal plants. Due to lower solubility and insufficient bioavailability of herbal extracts, herbal-based NSNs are required to overcome these limitations. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted covering the period from 2010 to 2025, using several databases including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Keywords, such as “nanosuspension + herbal plants” and “nanosuspension + herbs + pharmacological activity” were employed, and the selected articles were subsequently analyzed for data compilation. Results: The review encompasses a wide range of key research areas, highlighting the potential of NSNs to enhance the pharmacological effects of plant extracts. These effects include antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, hemolytic, wound healing, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and antidepressant activities, among others, achieved through various NSN preparation methods. Discussion: This review aimed to address the existing gaps by demonstrating how NSNs can enhance the bioavailability of herbal extracts for therapeutic use by focusing on research derived from the application of NSN formulations using medicinal plant Conclusion: Thus, the insights gathered from various publication trends underscore the relevance of innovative technologies for enhanced pharmacological activities using NSNs, which are critical for the future of the industry. NSN technology holds significant promise in driving a sustainable transformation in the herbal drug industry.