Structural improvements to address energy poverty had most substantial thermal comfort and health effects

Abstract Interventions for energy poverty have increased in the wake of the energy crisis, with many nations attempting to ease experiences for their citizens. We use data collected as part of [redacted] which explored the impact of interventions for energy poverty and improving health in 6 European Cities. By categorising interventions into structural, small measures, advice and financial support, we can differentiate between the energy poverty and health impacts of each category. We find through our longitudinal analysis there is little, if any, effect from small home improvements and energy advice, but that structural interventions for energy poverty have some positive thermal comfort and health effects. Further, direct financial support has clear positive effects on health and energy saving practices, and when financial support fluctuates, so do participants’ living conditions. Governments should invest in a range of measures, with a recognition that structural measures and consistent financial support are most effective.