Self-Employed Couriering in Turkey: Navigating Precariousness and Status Ambiguity: A Qualitative Field Study

Since the 1980s, working hours and the workplace have largely moved away from the standard due to advancing technologies and flexibility practices. Because of these developments, one of the emerging forms of work, self-employed couriering, has rapidly increased its dominance in the labor market in recent years. Self-employed couriering, whose implementation continues to expand day by day, has frequently become the subject of scientific research due to its structure that differs from traditional forms of employment.This study focuses on identifying the profile, working system, and working conditions of self-employed couriers in Turkey through data obtained from the field and on the discovery of appropriate steps toward the ambiguity of status uncertainty and precariousness in this work line. The results of the qualitative field research reveal the insecure structure of self-employed couriering, which is often referred to as precarious in the literature, but also show that this classification is not absolute due to factors such as trade-offs and expectations of high income. However, the research findings clearly reveal the ambiguity surrounding the status of self-employed couriers and emphasize the need for concrete and innovative legal regulations that are internationally accepted with respect to status uncertainty in particular, as well as occupational health and safety, income and social protection, and job security, independent of the factor of insecurity.