Disaster Storylines and Knowledge Graphs from Global News with Large Language Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation

We present a dataset of over 3,000 global disaster events from 2014 to 2024, derived from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT). Events are extracted from news using a pipeline combining Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) for semantic extraction. The corpus is the Europe Media Monitor (EMM), aggregating content from millions of news outlets. For each event, structured storylines are automatically generated, summarizing hazard characteristics, drivers, impacts, and responses, and transformed into knowledge graphs. This enables analysis of relationships, inter-hazard dynamics, and human-environment interactions often missed in traditional records. A small subset of knowledge graphs was evaluated by domain experts in a workshop, while a larger sample of extracted triplets was independently assessed to quantify precision and inter-annotator agreement. The dataset supports retrospective analysis and multi-hazard risk assessment, complementing resources like the Hazard Information Profiles (HIPs). All data, code, and workflows are openly available, with an interactive dashboard for exploration. This resource advances data-driven approaches to disaster scenario modeling, impact analysis, and decision support in disaster risk management.