Pluralistic AI governance: Indigenous knowledge and the right of Indigenous peoples to self-determination

Abstract This article presents a pluralistic participatory framework for global AI governance that integrates Indigenous knowledge systems and affirms the right to self-determination. The proposed framework is based on the growing recognition of non-extractive, respectful participatory engagement with Indigenous peoples in international governance and policy-making. The paper highlights the importance of Indigenous epistemologies, co-governance, and legal autonomy in developing ethical and culturally inclusive AI systems. The current study presents an institutional model in which Indigenous peoples exercise authority over their knowledge and actively shape the direction of AI through sustained and meaningful participation. Framed through a decolonial lens, the article draws inspiration from the Arctic Council as a model for equitable and effective Indigenous involvement in global AI governance.