Developing a halal cosmetics supply chain performance index: constructing a framework for standardized evaluation

Purpose This study aims to develop a standardized performance measurement framework for the halal cosmetics supply chain by integrating halal integrity assurance with operational performance metrics within a unified evaluation structure. Existing performance models often separate religious compliance from supply chain efficiency, creating a gap in assessing holistic halal supply chain performance. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a systematic approach to developing a conceptual framework. It uses three-phase methods: (1) Construct Identification via systematic literature review to extract evidence-based indicators; (2) Theoretical Synthesis using a Risk-Capability Matrix to map constructs into a hierarchical structure; and (3) Protocol Formulation, which proposes a Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) measurement protocol to operationalize the index. Findings The study establishes the HCSCPI, comprising 16 key performance indicators across four dimensions. A key theoretical finding is the establishment of a noncompensatory logic in which “Halal Integrity Assurance” serves as a qualifying criterion and “Supply Chain Reliability” as a winning criterion. The paper provides a complete diagnostic instrument, including a hierarchical decision tree and a quintile scoring system, ready for empirical application. Research limitations/implications The proposed framework serves as both a theoretical construct and a methodological protocol. Industry-wide empirical weighting has not yet been conducted. Future research is required to validate the instrument through expert panel studies and pilot implementation in cosmetic firms. Originality/value This research contributes a novel “Integrity-First” measurement architecture specific to the cosmetics industry. Unlike generic models, it offers a distinct separation between capability-based and vulnerability-based indicators, providing managers with a precise diagnostic tool to prevent halal integrity breaches before they occur.