Integrative chloroplast genomics of Polygonaceae: evolutionary dynamics, codon optimization, and phylogenetic resolution

This study provides comprehensive insights into chloroplast genome evolution in Polygonaceae, highlighting the predominant role of natural selection in codon usage bias and identifying conserved genomic features, SSR resources, and phylogenetic relationships. These findings establish a foundation for molecular marker development, quality control of medicinal species, and evolutionary investigations of this pharmacologically important plant family.