SEOM–TTCC clinical guidelines for the treatment of head and neck cancer (2025)

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx comprises the ninth most common cancer in Spain. While alcohol and tobacco use have long been the primary etiological factors, the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oropharyngeal cancer is increasing. Diagnoses and relapses should always be discussed by an expert multidisciplinary team. For localized stages, surgery or radiotherapy should be used as single-modality treatments, while locoregional stages require combined modality approaches. In the case of recurrent or metastatic disease, curative intent should be considered for patients with local recurrence or oligometastatic disease, while systemic treatment is recommended for all other cases. These guidelines, developed by the authors on behalf of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and the Spanish Group for the Treatment of Head and Neck Tumors (TTCC), review available evidence and provide expert recommendations based on the current literature.